Haptics simulate and stimulate the sense of touch by applying various forces – most commonly vibrations – to the user, via the likes of input devices or specific haptic wearables. Haptics are used to lend a tangibility to an object or movement on screen. Vibrating game controllers offer the classic example, but also includes vibration delivered through a smartphone screen, and modern approaches like ultrasound speaker arrays that project textures into the air that the VR user can feel as they interact with the content.
